Where is the primary motor cortex located?

The primary motor cortex is situated in the precentral gyrus of the brain, which is located in the frontal lobe. This region is critically involved in the planning and execution of voluntary movements. It contains neurons that directly control the contraction of muscles across the body, making it essential for motor function.

The precentral gyrus contains a map of the body known as the motor homunculus, where different areas correspond to control over different muscle groups. For instance, the neurons in the region controlling hand movements are located in one part of the precentral gyrus, while those governing leg movements are found in another.

In contrast, the postcentral gyrus serves as the primary somatosensory cortex, responsible for processing sensory information from the body. The medial temporal lobe is primarily associated with memory and emotional responses rather than motor control. The frontal operculum is involved in various functions, including speech and sensory integration, but it is not the primary site for motor control like the precentral gyrus. Thus, the location of the primary motor cortex in the precentral gyrus is crucial for understanding how the brain initiates and regulates movement.