What is the primary cause of edema in stroke patients?

The primary cause of edema in stroke patients is primarily related to venous congestion. When a stroke occurs, it can lead to neurological deficits that impair motor function and mobility. This immobility often results in venous stasis or congestion, especially in the lower extremities, as blood flow becomes restricted. The impaired venous return increases hydrostatic pressure in the capillaries, causing fluid to leak into the surrounding tissues and leading to edema.

In contrast, while hypertension, lymphatic obstruction, and infection can contribute to fluid retention or swelling in certain contexts, they do not represent the primary mechanism of edema formation in the acute phase of stroke rehabilitation. Hypertension can exacerbate stroke and lead to further complications but is not a direct cause of edema in this scenario. Similarly, lymphatic obstruction is more specific and less common as a cause of edema post-stroke. Infection can lead to localized swelling as a result of inflammation but is not the most prevalent cause of generalized edema in stroke patients.